Which statement accurately describes the process of osmosis?

The process of osmosis is specifically defined as the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. It occurs when water moves from an area of low solute concentration (where there is a higher concentration of water molecules) to an area of high solute concentration (where there are fewer water molecules). This movement is driven by the tendency to equalize solute concentrations on both sides of the membrane.

In this context, option B accurately captures this fundamental aspect of osmosis, highlighting the directional movement of water toward areas of higher solute concentration. This is crucial for maintaining homeostasis in biological systems, including how cells regulate their internal environment in relation to their external surroundings.

Other options misrepresent the nature of osmosis: the first option incorrectly describes the movement of particles generally rather than specifying water's movement. The third option describes water movement in isotonic conditions, where there is no net movement and thus does not pertain to osmosis. The fourth option incorrectly implies that osmosis requires energy, when in fact it is a passive process that does not require energy input.