Which of the following statements regarding the kidneys is true?

The statement that the kidneys filter blood to produce urine is true because this is one of the primary functions of the kidneys. The kidneys are essential organs in the urinary system that maintain homeostasis by filtering waste products, excess substances, and toxins from the bloodstream. This filtration process occurs within the nephrons, the functional units of the kidneys, where blood is filtered, and urine is subsequently formed.

The kidneys not only remove waste but also play a critical role in regulating electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and blood pressure through the regulation of water and salt levels. The production of urine is the final outcome of these complex processes, enabling the body to excrete unwanted substances while retaining necessary components.

In contrast, the other statements contain inaccuracies regarding kidney anatomy and function. The kidneys are not located in the pelvic cavity; instead, they are positioned retroperitoneally in the abdominal cavity. Hormone production is a function of the kidneys, specifically regarding erythropoietin and renin, but they are not solely responsible for hormone production as they have numerous vital functions. Additionally, while the kidneys are significant organs, they are not the largest in the body; that title belongs to the liver. Therefore, the focus on the kidneys' critical role