What is the significance of a urinalysis?

A urinalysis is significant because it detects diseases by assessing various properties of urine. This diagnostic test analyzes the physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics of urine to gather important information about a person’s health. For instance, changes in urine color, clarity, concentration, and the presence of substances like glucose, protein, or ketones can indicate conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, urinary tract infections, or liver problems. By examining these properties, healthcare providers can gain insights into a patient's overall health and identify potential medical issues early on.

The other options do not accurately represent the primary function of a urinalysis. Determining blood type is related to blood tests and not urine analysis. Measuring kidney size typically involves imaging techniques like ultrasound or CT scans, not urinalysis. Evaluating liver function is done through blood tests that assess liver enzymes and other related substances, rather than through urine assessment.