What is a likely outcome of decreased kidney function in older adults?

Decreased kidney function in older adults commonly results in an increased risk of urinary issues. As kidney function declines, the body becomes less efficient at filtering waste products and regulating fluid balance. This can lead to conditions such as urinary incontinence, increased frequency of urination, or urinary retention. The kidneys may also have difficulty concentrating urine, which can result in nocturia—frequent urination at night.

In older adults, factors like changes in bladder structure and function, as well as age-related hormonal changes, further contribute to urinary difficulties. Thus, with decreased kidney function, the likelihood of experiencing urinary issues markedly increases, making the option about increased risk of urinary issues the most relevant and accurate outcome.