What does specific gravity in urine analysis indicate?

Specific gravity in urine analysis is a measure of the concentration of solutes in the urine, providing vital information regarding hydration status and the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. When urine has a high specific gravity, it indicates that the urine is concentrated, typically due to lower fluid intake or dehydration. Conversely, a low specific gravity suggests diluted urine, which may occur when there is increased fluid intake or a potential renal issue affecting concentration.

Therefore, measuring specific gravity is a key diagnostic tool for assessing an individual's hydration level and overall kidney function. This measurement can help healthcare providers make informed decisions about hydration management and potential underlying health issues. The focus on urine concentration and hydration status makes this response the correct interpretation of what specific gravity indicates in urine analysis.